Immune System Vocabulary
Immune System- system, which is made up of special cells, proteins, tissues, and organs, defends people against germs and microorganisms every day.
Immune response- the immune system attacks organisms and substances that invade our systems and cause disease. The immune system is made up of a network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body.
Leukocytes - white blood cells
There are two basic types of leukocytes:
The phagocytes are cells that chew up invading organisms
The lymphocytes are cells that allow the body to remember and recognize previous invaders and help the body destroy them.
Antigen- A foreign substance that invades the body is called
Antibodies- Antibodies are specialized proteins that lock onto specific antigens. Antibodies and antigens fit together like a key and a lock.
Innate Immunity- Everyone is born with innate (or natural) immunity, a type of general protection that humans have. Innate immunity also includes the external barriers of the body, like the skin and mucous membranes (like those that line the nose, throat, and gastrointestinal tract), which are our first line of defense in preventing diseases from entering the body. If this outer defensive wall is broken (like if you get a cut), the skin attempts to heal the break quickly and special immune cells on the skin attack invading germs.
Adaptive Immunity-We also have a second kind of protection called adaptive (or active) immunity. This type of immunity develops throughout our lives. Adaptive immunity involves the lymphocytes (as in the process described above) and develops as children and adults are exposed to diseases or immunized against diseases through vaccination.
Passive Immunity-to. This can help protect the infant Immunity that is "borrowed" from another source and it lasts for a short time. For example, antibodies in a mother's breast milk provide an infant with temporary immunity to diseases that the mother has been exposed against infection during the early years of childhood.Bacteria- are tiny, single-celled organisms that are found throughout nature, including in the bodies of human beings. A certain number of bacteria are good for our bodies — they help keep the digestive system in working order and keep harmful bacteria from moving in. Some bacteria are even used to produce medicines and vaccines.
Virus- smaller than bacteria and can't live on their own. In order to survive, grow, and reproduce, they need to be inside other living organisms.
Fungi - are multi-celled, plant-like organisms that usually aren't dangerous in a healthy person. Fungi can't produce their own food from soil, water, and air, so instead, they get nutrition from plants, food, and animals in damp, warm environments.
Protozoa- are one-celled organisms like bacteria. Protozoa love moisture, so intestinal infections and other diseases they cause are often spread through contaminated water.
Toxin- a poisonous substance especially one that is produced by a living thing. Some toxins cause the annoying symptoms of common colds or flu-like infections, such as sniffles, sneezing, coughing, and diarrhea. But other toxins can cause high fever, increased heart rate, and even life-threatening illness.
Olympic Vocabulary
Olympic Games- a modified revival of the ancient Olympic Games consisting of international athletic contests that are held at separate winter and summer gatherings at four year intervals
Olympiad- a quadrennial celebration of the modern Olympic Games
Canoe Slalom-a competitive event in which a canoeist maneuvers through a slalom course, in water.
Canoe Sprint-s a sport in which athletes race canoes or kayaks on calm water. Race categories vary by the number of athletes in the boat, the length of the course, and whether the boat is a canoe or kayak.
Rowing- the sport of racing in long, narrow boats that are moved by using oars
Sailing- the sport or activity of traveling on water in a sailboat
Triathlon- an athletic contest consisting of three different events, typically swimming, cycling, and long-distance running.
Eco Barrier-An area of unfavourable habitat separating two areas of favourable habitat, e.g. oceans in the case of terrestrial organisms,
Immune System- system, which is made up of special cells, proteins, tissues, and organs, defends people against germs and microorganisms every day.
Immune response- the immune system attacks organisms and substances that invade our systems and cause disease. The immune system is made up of a network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to protect the body.
Leukocytes - white blood cells
There are two basic types of leukocytes:
The phagocytes are cells that chew up invading organisms
The lymphocytes are cells that allow the body to remember and recognize previous invaders and help the body destroy them.
Antigen- A foreign substance that invades the body is called
Antibodies- Antibodies are specialized proteins that lock onto specific antigens. Antibodies and antigens fit together like a key and a lock.
Innate Immunity- Everyone is born with innate (or natural) immunity, a type of general protection that humans have. Innate immunity also includes the external barriers of the body, like the skin and mucous membranes (like those that line the nose, throat, and gastrointestinal tract), which are our first line of defense in preventing diseases from entering the body. If this outer defensive wall is broken (like if you get a cut), the skin attempts to heal the break quickly and special immune cells on the skin attack invading germs.
Adaptive Immunity-We also have a second kind of protection called adaptive (or active) immunity. This type of immunity develops throughout our lives. Adaptive immunity involves the lymphocytes (as in the process described above) and develops as children and adults are exposed to diseases or immunized against diseases through vaccination.
Passive Immunity-to. This can help protect the infant Immunity that is "borrowed" from another source and it lasts for a short time. For example, antibodies in a mother's breast milk provide an infant with temporary immunity to diseases that the mother has been exposed against infection during the early years of childhood.Bacteria- are tiny, single-celled organisms that are found throughout nature, including in the bodies of human beings. A certain number of bacteria are good for our bodies — they help keep the digestive system in working order and keep harmful bacteria from moving in. Some bacteria are even used to produce medicines and vaccines.
Virus- smaller than bacteria and can't live on their own. In order to survive, grow, and reproduce, they need to be inside other living organisms.
Fungi - are multi-celled, plant-like organisms that usually aren't dangerous in a healthy person. Fungi can't produce their own food from soil, water, and air, so instead, they get nutrition from plants, food, and animals in damp, warm environments.
Protozoa- are one-celled organisms like bacteria. Protozoa love moisture, so intestinal infections and other diseases they cause are often spread through contaminated water.
Toxin- a poisonous substance especially one that is produced by a living thing. Some toxins cause the annoying symptoms of common colds or flu-like infections, such as sniffles, sneezing, coughing, and diarrhea. But other toxins can cause high fever, increased heart rate, and even life-threatening illness.
Olympic Vocabulary
Olympic Games- a modified revival of the ancient Olympic Games consisting of international athletic contests that are held at separate winter and summer gatherings at four year intervals
Olympiad- a quadrennial celebration of the modern Olympic Games
Canoe Slalom-a competitive event in which a canoeist maneuvers through a slalom course, in water.
Canoe Sprint-s a sport in which athletes race canoes or kayaks on calm water. Race categories vary by the number of athletes in the boat, the length of the course, and whether the boat is a canoe or kayak.
Rowing- the sport of racing in long, narrow boats that are moved by using oars
Sailing- the sport or activity of traveling on water in a sailboat
Triathlon- an athletic contest consisting of three different events, typically swimming, cycling, and long-distance running.
Eco Barrier-An area of unfavourable habitat separating two areas of favourable habitat, e.g. oceans in the case of terrestrial organisms,